Hydraulic pump.



R. (LMRIIS.

HYDRAULIC PUMP.

APPLIQATION FILED 'MAY 25, 1909.

Patented 0@n.25,191o.

ROBERT CAIRNS, 0F TORONTO, ONTARIO, CANADA..

HYDRAULIC PUMP.

Specification OfLetters Patent. Patented 001;, 259 1910 Application inea my 25, 1909. serial' No. 498,313.

To all wkom'it may concern.

Be it known that I, ROBERT CAIRNS, a subject of the King of Great Britain, and resident of the city of Toronto, county of York, Province. of Ontario, in the Dominion of Canada, have invented certain new and' useful Improvements in Hydraulic Pumps, as described in the following specification.

The invention relates to improvements in hydraulic umps, as described in the following speci cation and illustrated inthe accompanying drawings that form part of the same. n

The invention consists essentially in the novel construction and arrangement of part-s whereby a piston operatiner in a cylinder and spring held against a cozlumn of water is operated to elevate water Vfrom a suitable supply by the application-of pressure to the said water column.,

The objects of the invention are, to elimi-l nate the arduous work necessary in elevating water by suction means, to provide a device whereby the supply of water is maintained in the pipe leading from the pump to the discharge tap, to dev1se a pressure pump of simple and cheap construction by meansof Vwhich water may be elevated and carried from the source `of supplyvany desired distance with the minimum expenditure of energy, and which may be operated either by hand or byv power to produce a constant supply of water.

In the drawings, Figure 1 isa sectional view of a well showing my device placed therein. and the means for operating the samey shown diagrammatically. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional viewof the. pump.

Like numerals of reference indicate corresponding parts in each figure.

Referring to the drawings, 1 is a cylinder open at one end and having an outwardly extending flange 2 at said open end and ay central threaded orifice 3 in the closed end fi and the threaded orifices 5 and 6 in said closed end. .j y

7 is a cap bolted securely to the flange 2 of the cylinder 1 and havinglf a central threaded ,orifice 8 therein, the central porf.

tion of the .cap being preferably slightly arched as shown. A

9 is a length ,of pipe threaded into the central 'orifice 3 inthe closed end 4 of the cylinder 1 and closed at its other end the plug 10, said plug having a central threaded orifice 11 therethrough into which is threaded the set screw 12.

13 is a piston operating in the cylinder 1 and having the'double cupped Washers 14E and l5. The members of the piston 13 are held securely together by the stud 16 eX- tending therethrough and securely clamped by the nut 17 secured on the threaded end of said stud. i

18 is a length of pipe secured to the in-v ner end of the stud 16 and having a plural,- ity of openings 19 therethrough adjacent to tht piston, said pipe being open at the other en 20 is a spiral spring ensconced within the pipe 9 and encircling the pipe 18 hearing at one end against the piston 13 and at the other end against thecap 21 slidably arranged within the pipe 9 and resting against, the inner. end of the set screw 12. The ten-- sion of the spring 20 may be adjusted by means of the set screw 12 to the desired ten sion. The inner edge of the pipe 9 is 'rounded off as also is the outer and extreme end of the pipe 18 so that the sprinO'Will work freely and not catch upon .the e ges.

22 isla pipe secured in the threaded orilice 8 in the .cap 7 and extending therefrom upwardly to a suitable pressure pump 23 or other pressure device located in any Ldesired place andpreferably adjacent to the point at which the water is to be drawn. M

24C` is a check valvesecured in the thread ed orifice 5 inthe closedend of thefcylinder 1 and opening inwardly and having a suitable screen 25 covering its outer and inlet end. n

26 is a pipe leading from the orifice 6 in the closed end of the cylinder 1 to the tap 27 or other discharge means. n j

28 is a check valve arranged in Athe pipe 26 close to 'the cylinder 1, and opening outwardly from said cylinder. The check valves 211L and 28 are so arranged that a supply of' water may be drawn into the cylinder through the check valve 24 preventing it from escaping therethrough and the valve 28 so arranged as to allow the outliow of water from the cylinder but preventing its return. n j 4. y

29 is an air chamber connected to the pipek 26 close to the cylinder 1. I 30 is an air vent `in the sidev of .the cylini-" der arranged adjacent to the inner edge of the piston 13 when said piston is in its outermost position, that is to say, adjacent to the cap.

. 31 is an air float valve of a. common and well known design adapted to allow the egress of an accumulation of air within the cylinder and to prevent the outiow of Water.

In the use of this device the pipe 22 is filled with water or any other desired Huid and the pump 23 also filled so that its operating piston will be in its outermost position Iwhen the piston 18 within the cylinder 1 is at its outer end. The spring 20 is adjusted according to the weight of the column of water in the pipe 22 so as to slightly overbalance the said column of water and hold the piston to the outer end of the cylinder. On the application of pressure to the column of water in the pipe 22 by means of the pump 23 or by the application of steam or air pressure as may be found desirable, the piston 12 is forced inwardly against the pressure of the spring 20 and the water contained withinthe said cylinder is forced through the pipe 26. Immediately on the release of the pressure on the column of water in the pipe 22 the spring 2O forces the piston back to its normal position drawing the water inwardly through the check valve 24 so that on the next application of pressure to the said column of water the water in the said cylinder will again be forced up through the pipe 22. The spring returns the piston very quickly to its normal position so that by having a proper sized air chamber connected to the pipe leading from the pump cylinder a constant supply 0f water may be obtained at the outlet end while the pump is being operated.

The operating spring may be adjusted very accurately so that a very slight pressure against the column of water in the pipe 22 will cause the downward4 movement of the piston.

The pipe 18 secured to the piston forms a guide therefor and as the outer end of said pipe is open the water within the pipe 9 will circulate through the said pipe through the openings 19 in the inner end thereof. This feature obviates any back pressure against the column of water in the pipe 22 resultant from the compression of the spring and the movement of the said pipe 18 into the interior of the pipe 9. It will therefore be seen that as the sprin is practically speaking balanced by the co umn of water in the pipe 22, the pressure exerted is required to be only sulicient to elevate the column of water in the pipe 2G. As the water in the pipe 22 is retained there constantly, water may be drawn from the pipe 26 immediately on the application of ressure t0 the Water in the pipe 22, thus oing away with the inconvenience and annoy- 'opening in the op ance due to the great amount of pumping required with a suction pump before the Water can be raised to the discharge point.

A small pressure pump is herein shown as the means for causlng the elevation of the water but it must be understood that other means of applying pressure to the column of water can be used with equal facility, the several means that may be used are not however a part of this invention.

It will be seen that with a device such as herein described water may be elevated to a considerable distance and carried for almost any ldesired distance within reasonable bounds without difficulty and without materially affecting the operation of the` pump.

The device is shown in the drawing 1n a vertical position but it must be understood that it may be placed in a horizontal position if so desired. In the event of 1t keing placed in a horizontal position the a1r vent and air valve will not be required. Further the device is shown submerged in water 1n a well but it may be suspended above the Water and a pipe carrie from the suction inlet to the cyllnder and extended into the water. It must also be understood that the device may be altered considerably in regard to its detailed construction Without departing from the spirit of the invention, that 1s to say, so long as the piston 1s spring held against the weight of a column of water to be operated an to elevate water by the application of pressure to the water c olumn.

What I claim as my invention1s:-

1. In a hydraulic pum), a cylinder arranged within a well an having an inlet and an outlet in one end thereof and an site end, means for regulatingthe flow o water through said inlet and outlet, a'pipe connected to the opening in the opposite end of the cylinder and leading upwardly to the surface of the ground and containing a fluid column, a piston operating in said cylinder, a spiral compression spring contained within said cylinder and exerting a pressure against said piston to support said Huid column, a threaded member centrally arranged in relation to said spring, a cap bearing against the outer end of said spring and abutting said screw member', and means connected to the upper end of said pipe leading from the opposite end of the cylinder for exerting a pressure against said iiuid column.

2. In a hydraulic pump, a cylinder having and encircling said hollow stem and exerting a pressure against said piston and holding it 1n its outward position against.'

the pressure'of a column of Water, means for controlling the flow `of Water through said inlet and outlet to said cylinder, and means for exerting pressure against said Water to operate said piston.

3. In a hydraulic pump, a cylinder having an inlet andv outlet and a central lopening in one end thereof, a cylindrical casing secured in said central opening and closed at its outer end, apiston operating in said cylinder and having a stem extending from the center thereof and projecting into said cylindrical casing, a spiral spring arranged .Within said cylindrical casing and engaging column of the inner Walls thereof and encircling the stem of said piston and at one end abutting said piston, means for adjusting the pressure of said spring engaging the outer end thereof, means for controlling the How of Water through the inlet and outlet to said cylinder, and means for exerting pressure against the opposite end of said piston to operate said piston againstthe` pressure o said spring.

Signed at the city of Toronto, county of York', Province of Ontario, in the Dominion of Canada, this 18th day of May 1909.

' ROBERT CAIRNS.

Witnesses:

\L H. J. S. DnNNIsoN,

E. HERON. 

